MyBioSource.com's PPP4C Antibody is a Rabbit Polyclonal antibody. This antibody has been shown to work in applications such as: ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, and Western Blot. The PPP4C Antibody was generated using PPP4C as the antigen and it reacts with Human, Mouse, and Rat.
Description
Description: In eukaryotes, the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins on serine and threonine residues is an essential means of regulating a broad range of cellular functions, including division, homeostasis and apoptosis. A group of proteins that are intimately involved in this process are the protein phosphatases. In general, the protein phosphatase (PP) holoenzyme is a trimeric complex composed of a regulatory subunit, a variable subunit and a catalytic subunit. Four major families of protein phosphatase catalytic subunits have been identified, designated PP1, PP2A, PP2B (calcineurin) and PP2C. An additional protein phosphatase catalytic subunit, PPX (also known as PP4) is a putative member of a novel PP family.
Function: Protein phosphatase that is involved in many processes such as microtubule organization at centrosomes, maturation of spliceosomal snRNPs, apoptosis, DNA repair, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha signaling, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase MAPK8, regulation of histone acetylation, DNA damage checkpoint signaling, NF-kappa-B activation and cell migration. The PPP4C-PPP4R1 PP4 complex may play a role in dephosphorylation and regulation of HDAC3. The PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3A PP4 complex specifically dephosphorylates H2AFX phosphorylated on Ser-140 (gamma-H2AFX) generated during DNA replication and required for DNA double strand break repair. Dephosphorylates NDEL1 at CDK1 phosphorylation sites and negatively regulates CDK1 activity in interphase (By similarity). In response to DNA damage, catalyzes RPA2 dephosphorylation, an essential step for DNA repair since it allows the efficient RPA2-mediated recruitment of RAD51 to chromatin.
Subunit Structure: Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) occurs in different assemblies of the catalytic and one or more regulatory subunits (PubMed:12668731, PubMed:18715871, PubMed:16085932, PubMed:18614045). Component of the PP4 complexes PPP4C-PPP4R1, PPP4C-PPP4R2, PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3A, PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3B and PPP4C-PPP4R4 (PubMed:12668731, PubMed:18715871, PubMed:16085932, PubMed:18614045). The PPP4C-PPP4R2 complex appears to be a tetramer composed of 2 molecules of PPP4C and 2 molecules of PPP4R2 (PubMed:12668731). Interacts with REL, NFKB1/p50 and RELA (PubMed:1336397). Interacts with SMN1 and GEMIN4 (PubMed:12668731). Interacts with IRS4 (phosphorylated) (PubMed:15331607). Interacts with SMEK1/PPP4R3A; the interaction requires PP4R2 (PubMed:16085932). Interacts with HDAC3 (PubMed:15805470).
Post-translational Modifications: Methylation at the C-terminal Leu-307 is critical for interactions with regulatory subunits and functions in DNA repair.
Similarity: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-4 (PP-X) subfamily